Water-cooled lamp



Patented May 24, 1927.

- UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LEROE J'. BUTTOLPH, OF EAST ORANGE, NEW J ERSEY, ASSIGNOR T COOPER HEWITT ELECTRIC COMPANY, OF HOBOKEN, NEW JERSEY, A. CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

wA'rER-oooLEn LAMP.

Original application filed Apri112, 1922, Serial No. 551,768. Divided and this application filed October i 3, 1923. Serial No. 666,285. I

The present invention relates to an electric light radiating apparatus useful 1n the arts generally and particularly in the therapeutic art where diseases are treated by means of radiations from a light source giving off ultra-violet rays and has for its object to provide such an apparatus which can be manipulated readily by hand by the operator.

J I have discovered", when operating a quartz lamp having a solid anode and a liquid cathode therein and an arc path of one or two inches on commercial circuits that is impossible to maintain such a small slzed 5 lamp in efiicient operation on commercial circuits without the use of external heat radiating devices. Accordingly, in my new apparatus, I surround the lamp and particularly the electrode portions of the con- 3 tainer of such a lamp with cooling devices or chambers operating to maintain the temperature of the radiant current stream between the electrodes'at the desired operating temperature for giving the maximum 5 amount of light, in those cases where illumination is desired and the maximum quantity of ultra-violet radiations in those cases Where such radiations are desired.

By availing of tlie cooperating action of I the cooling jackets for the luminous column, and jackets for the terminals or electrode portions of the lamp, I am enabled to make efiicieut devices of large and small sizes and the invention lends itself particularly to i the production of a small hand lamp for use as a therapeutic'lamp'or a bulls'eye.

lamp, although it is to be understood that my invention is not limited to small sized outfits. By the use of extensions of the cooling jacket in contact with or in the neighborhood of the terminals of the lamp the regulation of the volt-ampere characteristic of the device is secured in the most eflicient i manner and by Virtue of this particular construction, the lead-in devices common to the end portions or terminals of these tubes is protected from the disintegrating effects of radiant energy and from corrosive vapors I or ases developed in that portion of the outfitadjacent to the luminous tube.

I have illustrated my invention in the accompanying drawings in which Figure 1 1s a vertical section of my artificially cooled hand lamp showing the external cooling medium applied directly to the portions of the lamp tube containing theelectrodes; Figure 2 is a planview along the line 2, 2 of Figure 1; Figure 3 is a Vertical section of my artificially cooled lamp showing the artificial coolin medium applied to the electrodes and a so extending along the light radiant portion of the lamp and in close proximity thereto; and Figure 4 is a plan view along the line 4, 4 of Figure 3.

Referring to the drawings, 1 is a mercury Vapor lamp having a solid anode shown at 2 and a negative electrode of mercury shown at 3, the usual lead in devices for the electrodes being shown at 4 and 5, respectively. The lamp, 1, is surrounded by a cooling Jacket or container, 6, provided Withan extension chamber, 7 the inner walls of which are in contact with the wall of the container,

1, in the neighborhood of the anode, 2, or in close proximity thereto, and an extension chamber, 8, the walls of which are in contact with the walls of the lamp, 1, in the neighborhood of the electrode 3, or in close proximity thereto, the chambers 7 and 8 communicating with each other through an opening in the lens mounting mechanism presently to be described, and inlet and outlet pipes for a suitable circulating cooling medium, such as Water, belugshown at 9 and 10, the last named pipes passing through -a handle, 11, of hard rubber or other suitable material.

The lamp, 1, is connected to p a suitable source of current through the conductors 12 and 13, said conductors being passed through the Wall of the jacket, 6, and insulated there from, if desired, the conductor, 12, being connected to the lead wire, 4, of the electrode 2 and the conductor, 13, being passed down through the chambers 6 and 7 and insulated therefrom by bushings, 26, 26, and connected to the lead wire, 5, of the electrode 3. The

portion of the lead 13 joined to the lead device 5 may be strong enough mechanically .to hold the lamp in place or a spring 14 'may be provided for cushioning and supporting the lamp in the jacket. At the top spring clips 1515 are provided for holding the lamp in place at that point. The lenses 16 and 17 are held in place in a screw threaded opening in the jacket 6 by means of screw threaded rings 18, 18, 18, 18, a suitable opening 19 being provided for the passage of the circulating cooling medium between the lenses.

Referring to Figure 2, the construction, generally, is similar to that described in connection with Figure 1, except that the water jacket constituted by the jacket 6, the pipe and the passage 19 through the lens mount and connecting the chambers 7 and 8, is extended entirely around the lamp as shown at 20 and brought into close proximity to the luminous portion of the lamp tube, 1, between the extensions 7 and 8, and

a flat spring, is shown for cushioning the lamp 1.

In Figure 4, an alternative lens mounting is employed in which the lens 161s held in place by a screw ring 18, compressing the lens 16 against a washer of rubber, 22, and the outer lens 17 is held in place by ascrew cap, 23, compressing the lens 17 against a washer 24 of rubber in contact with an extension 25 of the jacket 6, the usual hole 19 for circulation of the cooling fluid between lenses being present in this construction also. If desired, the pipe 10 in Figure 2 maybe continued through the extension 8 to a point where it discharges in the neighborhood of the lenses 16 and 17, as shown in Figure 3, to insure that these devices shall be properly cooled in the operation of the devices.

In the operation of the device, the circulating medium is started and flows from inlet 10 through extension 8 up through the holes 19in the lens mounting into the extension 7 and around the lamp to the outlet pipe 9 and back to the source. With the cooling fluid in circulation, the lamp 1 is started into operation by tilting the outfit so that the mercury of the electrode 3 bridges the gap between the electrodes 2 and 3 and then breaks the connection thus established whereupon the arc is formed between the electrodes just mentioned.- At the instant of starting because of the low temperature in the lamp the voltage drop across it is low and is controlled by the stabilizing resistance in the auxiliaries usual to such lamps and not here shown. This initial current is necessarily high and the mercury electrode 3 heats uprapidly raising the vapor pressure of the mercury in the lamp and at the same time raising the arc voltage. This process continues until such time as the heat energy in the lainp establishes equilibrium with the cooling members about the electrode portions. This equilibrium temperature is determined by the relative areas of the extensions of the jacket 6 and the electrode portions of the lamp that are in close proximity. It is thus obvious that the volt-ampere characteristic is controlled b this control of heat equilibrium at the point of greatest sensitivity since the volt-ampere characteristic of the burner itself is dependent primarily on the pressure of the mercury vapor in the gas or are space. It follows from the foreoing then that the operation of the outfit or any given set of conditions may be controlled and varied by varying the cooling effect of the circulating medium or through varying the electrical regulatin devices in the auxiliary mechanism of the lamp, but it is preferred for any given setting of the lamp and its control mechanism to vary the volt-ampere characteristic of the lamp by varying the rate of cooling as set forth above. The above is true not only of the small lamps illustrated heiein but applies equally well for the larger sizes of quartz lamps now on the market.

The radiations to be utilized either in therapy or in general illumination pass through the lenses 16 and 17 with the water between them which serves to cool the lenses and to take out the radiant energy which the cooling medium may absorb, although it will be understood that the heat rays may also be utilized for useful purposes in which case the cooling medium must be selected that is transparent to the said rays. This latter of course is a matter of design and selection well within the ken of those skilled in the art.

The lamp 1 is provided with certain structural features which are important in the operation of the lamp generally whether forming part of the ,cooled outfit or burning independently of such outfit in the usual Way. The container is contracted as shown at 27 in the neighborhood of the level of the liquid constituting the electrode 3, and serves to localize the cathode spot when the lamp is operating and that part of the lead wire 5 which is inside the container is brought up near the surface of the liquid electrode 3 and is of spiral form. This construction insures that the lead wire 5 is always in contact with the material of the electrode 3, and particularly in the starting up of the apparatus when it is tilted to stream the mercury to the anode 2, when the mercury is partially emfptied out of the pocket at the lower end 0 the lamp.

The tungsten anode 2 in the lamp 1 may be a plate or a s iral, and in either event it is provided wit a projection, 28, which serves to hold the are at this point of the electrode 2 and prevent the wandering of the are spot over the surface of the anode 2.

The top, 29, and the bottom, 30, of the jacket 6 are removable, and when the lamp outfit is assembled, the lam 1 is inserted through the bottom until t e top thereof comes in contact with the clips 15-15 whereupon the spring clip, 31, is fastened to the ."2. A lamp1 outfit comprising a jacket, a damp mounted therein, extensions-pf said 1 j acketin-contact with the terminal portions :the 'acket 6.

. v ga cation Serial Number 551,768, filedpril :20. I; the V t-amphere characte'ristic'of the lamp.

1 outercend of'the lead wire 4 and the part of. I the lead 13 connected to the lead 5 is joined to the main-lead 13 as shown at 32. The

,cover 29 is then put on the top and the bottom part 30 withthe spring 14 or the spring 21 is put in place to close off the bottom of T is application is a division of my claim as my invention ,1. A flam outfit comprisinga jacket, a lampin'sai jacket extensions of'said jacket .contact with the terminal portions of said lamp.

;osaid lamp and means for-circulating a c oolin' medium through said extensions for .3."Alam outfit, a jacket, a lamp, extensigns of sai jacket in contact with the termii throughout.

portions of {the lamp, and means for circu ating a cooling medium through the} sions for circulating the cooling medium October D. 1923.

, 5. A lamp outfit comprising a jacket, a lamp "therem, extensions of said jacket to the terminal portions of said lamp, a portion of said jacket being in contact with each of the terminalportions of the lamp,

and 'a portion ofs'aid jacket between the --extensionsbeing in'close proximity to the luminous portion of the lamp.

lamp therem, extensions of said jacket to outfit comprising a jacket, a

the terminalqportions of said lamp, a portion of said extensions beingin contact with the res ective, terminals of the lamp, a portion of said jacket between the extensions being in close proximity to the luminous portion ofthe lam and means for circulating a cooling flui through the jacket and the extensions thereof.

v7.;A lamp outfit comprising a jacket, a lamp in said jacket, extensions of said jacket in contact with the terminal portions of said lamp, and means" for circulating a. cooling medium through the jacket and the exten- "sions thereoi;

SpAflam outfit comprising a jacket, a lamp in sai jacket, extensions of said jacket in contact'with the terminal, portions of said lamp, and means for circulating acooling medium" through the said extensions.

Signed at Hoboken in the county of Hudson and State of New Jersey this 1st day of LEROY J.- BU'I'IOLPH. 

